Learn how to use conjunctions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to RomanianPod101.com. This is Absolute Beginner Season 1 Lesson 22 - Borrowing Something from a Romanian Friend. Becky here. |
| Mihai: Bună. I'm Mihai. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn conjunctions. The conversation takes place at the beach. |
| Mihai: It's between Mihai and Masanobu. |
| Becky: The speakers are friends, so they’ll speak informal Romanian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Mihai: Pot să împrumut labele tale de înot azi? |
| Masanobu: Scuze, azi le folosesc eu. Dar pot mâine, dacă vrei. |
| Mihai: Mersi, dar mâine nu înotăm, nu? |
| Masanobu: Aa, da, așa este. Sau poți să o rogi pe Andreea. |
| Mihai: Da, o rog pe ea. Mulțumesc oricum. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Mihai: Pot să împrumut labele tale de înot azi? |
| Masanobu: Scuze, azi le folosesc eu. Dar pot mâine, dacă vrei. |
| Mihai: Mersi, dar mâine nu înotăm, nu? |
| Masanobu: Aa, da, așa este. Sau poți să o rogi pe Andreea. |
| Mihai: Da, o rog pe ea. Mulțumesc oricum. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Mihai: Can I borrow your swim fins today? |
| Masanobu: Sorry, I'm using them today. But I can lend them to you tomorrow, if you want. |
| Mihai: Thanks, but we aren't swimming tomorrow, are we? |
| Masanobu: Oh, yes, you're right. Or you can ask Andreea. |
| Mihai: Yes, I'll ask her. Thank you anyway. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: I hope Masanobu can get what he needs for swimming. |
| Mihai: Me too. Hopefully Andreea will have some. |
| Becky: They’re at the beach, so I guess they’re on vacation. |
| Mihai: Yes, it sounds like it. I’m a little jealous. |
| Becky: Me too! If people want to take a vacation in Romania and like nature, where can they go? |
| Mihai: It depends on what you like. Romania has plains, hills, mountains, and the Black Sea. |
| Becky: So there’s plenty of variety, it seems. |
| Mihai: There is. Becky, what type of nature do you like? |
| Becky: Hm, I like mountains. I think I’d go to the mountains if I was in Romania. |
| Mihai: All of the mountains in Romania are part of the Carpathian Mountain system. |
| Becky: That’s a long mountain range originating in Central Europe and continuing up to the Balkan Peninsula. |
| Mihai: That’s right. If you like the beach, like Masanobu and Mihai, then the Black Sea gives Romania 250km of seashore. |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mihai: labă [natural native speed] |
| Becky: fin |
| Mihai: labă[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mihai: labă [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Mihai: a înota [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to swim |
| Mihai: a înota[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mihai: a înota [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Mihai: azi (informal for "astăzi") [natural native speed] |
| Becky: today |
| Mihai: azi (informal for "astăzi")[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mihai: azi (informal for "astăzi") [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Mihai: a folosi [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to use |
| Mihai: a folosi[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mihai: a folosi [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have... |
| Mihai: mersi [natural native speed] |
| Becky: thanks (informal) |
| Mihai: mersi[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mihai: mersi [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last... |
| Mihai: oricum [natural native speed] |
| Becky: anyway, anyhow |
| Mihai: oricum[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mihai: oricum [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is... |
| Mihai: Pot să...? |
| Becky: meaning "May I...?" Can you break this phrase down for us? |
| Mihai: Pot is the first person singular of a putea. |
| Becky: This means “to be able to.” |
| Mihai: să means “to.” The phrase literally means “can I?” |
| Becky: There’s no distinction in Romanian between “may” and “can.” |
| Mihai: Right. You can use this to ask permission in both polite and informal speech. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mihai: Sure. For example, you can say, Pot să te întreb ceva? |
| Becky: ...which means "Can I ask you a question?" (lit.: "Can I ask you something?") |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Mihai: dacă vrei |
| Becky: meaning "if you want." What do the two words in this phrase mean? |
| Mihai: Dacă is the important conjunction "if," and vrei is the second person singular for a vrea. |
| Becky: This means “to want.” |
| Mihai: You can use this to soften requests. |
| Becky: It makes things sound more optional. |
| Mihai: You can replace vrei with vreți to make the phrase formal. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mihai: Sure. For example, you can say, Dacă vrei, astăzi gătim mâncare acasă. |
| Becky: ...which means "If you want, today we'll cook at home." |
| Becky: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Mihai: Mersi oricum. |
| Becky: meaning "Thanks anyway." And what do the two words in this phrase mean? |
| Mihai: Mersi is the informal version of mulțumesc. It’s an interjection. |
| Becky: What does the second word mean? |
| Mihai: Oricum means "anyway." |
| Becky: This is an adverb. You can use this to thank someone for attempting to help you, even if you don’t need their help. |
| Mihai: This is informal. You can make it formal by replacing mersi with mulțumesc to get mulțumesc oricum. |
| Becky: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mihai: Sure. For example, you can say, Nu mai am nevoie, mersi oricum. |
| Becky: ...which means "I don't need it anymore. Thanks anyway." |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn about conjunctions. |
| Becky: What can you tell us about Romanian conjunctions? |
| Mihai: They’re used very often, but they’re easy to overlook as they’re small words that aren’t used on their own. |
| Becky: There are different types of conjunctions that serve different functions. |
| Mihai: Yes. Common coordinating conjunctions include și and dar. |
| Becky: “And” and “but.” |
| Mihai: Common subordinating conjunctions include să and că. |
| Becky: “To” and “that.” Where do we put conjunctions in a sentence? |
| Mihai: They’re placed between the words or sentences that they connect. |
| Becky: Can you give us some examples? |
| Mihai: Am un câine și o pisică. |
| Becky: “I have a dog and a cat.” |
| Mihai: Este noiembrie, deci este toamnă. |
| Becky: “It’s November, so it’s fall.” One of the most common conjunctions, and one we mentioned earlier, is “but.” |
| Mihai: This is dar. |
| Becky: It connects two clauses or words, but shows opposition or difference between them. |
| Mihai: Again, dar goes between the two clauses or words. For example, Este toamnă, dar vremea este încă frumoasă. |
| Becky: “It’s fall, but the weather’s still nice.” |
| Mihai: El este înalt, dar nu joacă baschet. |
| Becky: “He is tall, but he doesn’t play basketball.” Finally for this lesson, we will look at “or.” |
| Mihai: This is used for coordination or choice. In Romanian, it’s sau. |
| Becky: As with the other conjunctions, it goes between the two clauses or words. Let’s finish off with some examples. |
| Mihai: Vii acum, sau aștepți până după-amiază? |
| Becky: “Are you coming now, or are you going to wait until the afternoon?” |
| Mihai: Vrea să cumpere vin sau bere. |
| Becky: “He wants to buy wine or beer.” |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Mihai: La revedere. |
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